Factors Associated with Post-Intensive Care Syndrome in Patients Attending a Hospital in Northern Colombia: A Quantitative and Correlational Study.

Résumé

We identified the factors related to post-intensive care syndrome in a sample of patients from northern Colombia. This study employed a quantitative, observational, descriptive, and correlational approach. A sample of 277 adults was obtained through non-probabilistic convenience sampling, and a characterization form comprising sociodemographic and clinical variables was applied. The Healthy Aging Brain Care Monitor (HABC-M) instrument was also used, which is a clinical tool with a high capacity to detect post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) in surviving intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The final sample consisted of 277 adults, 67.5% male, with university degrees, cohabiting in a marital union, working, from urban areas, and of the Catholic religion. Seventy percent of the sample presented both cardiovascular and neurological alterations and was admitted to the ICU, and 66% had a personal history of arterial hypertension (AHT) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Patients had a mean ICU stay of 10.7 days, with a standard deviation of 4 days, and displayed a moderate risk of morbidity and mortality according to Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II). A total of 38.6% of the sample received mechanical ventilation, with a mean duration of 8.3 days, and 7.5% underwent tracheostomy. As for sedation, 38.6% were administered fentanyl. In total, 83.4% of the sample presented the syndromes under study, with a predominance of the severe category. The global score of the scale was taken as the dependent variable, and statistical significance ( < 0.05) was found with sociodemographic variables, including origin and religion, and with clinical variables such as receiving pharmacological treatment. The sample presented PICS globally and showed how it affects the different dimensions, showing associations with the sociodemographic and clinical variables of interest.